投稿时间：2024-12-30
修订日期：2025-06-11
网络发布日期：2025-10-31
中文摘要:前垂柳金矿床为胶莱盆地东北缘新发现的大型蚀变岩型金矿床，为深入探讨其矿床成因，文章对其开展了详细的矿床地质特征、流体包裹体、氢-氧-硫-铅、Rb-Sr及40Ar-39Ar同位素等研究。结果表明，前垂柳金矿床成矿期包括3个阶段，其中，金-黄铁矿-碳酸盐（白云石）-石英阶段为主成矿阶段，载金矿物为黄铁矿，其次为白云石和石英。成矿期流体包裹体以气液两相包裹体为主，显示成矿流体具典型的中低温、中低盐度、低密度特征；氢、氧同位素显示，成矿流体为地幔初生水和岩浆热液混合流体，后期有大气降水的参与；硫同位素显示，矿石硫具高δ34S值特征，为混合来源，显示了荆山群对成矿有一定贡献；铅同位素显示，矿石铅为壳幔混合来源，且具有下地壳铅的特征；主成矿阶段载金黄铁矿Rb-Sr年龄为（123.8±5）Ma，绢云母40Ar-39Ar年龄为（123.25±0.20）Ma，成矿期后中-基性脉岩锆石U-Pb加权平均年龄为（117.5±1.8）Ma，认为前垂柳金矿成矿时代为123.8~117.5 Ma。综合研究表明，前垂柳金矿成矿物质来源于壳幔混源，成矿流体在上侵过程中经历了流体混合，由于物理环境的变化，在前垂柳矿区近EW向盆缘滑脱构造由陡变缓部位沉淀成矿，形成中低温热液蚀变岩型金矿，金矿的形成与该区早白垩世构造-岩浆-热液事件密切相关。该金矿的突破为区域找矿提供了重要勘查思路，笔者认为胶莱盆地东北缘仍有较大的找矿潜力。
Abstract:The Qianchuiliu gold deposit is a newly discovered large-scale altered rock-type gold deposit located in the northeastern margin of the Jiaolai basin. In order to explore the genesis of the deposit in depth, this study conducted detailed research on its geological characteristics, fluid inclusions, and H-O-S-Pb-Rb-Sr-40Ar-39Ar isotope geochemistry. The results indicate that the mineralization process can be divided into three stages, with the gold-pyrite-carbonate (dolomite)-quartz vein stage being the principal ore-forming stage. The main gold-bearing minerals are pyrite, followed by dolomite and quartz. The ore-stage fluid inclusions are mainly two-phase (liquid+vapor), reflecting a medium-low temperature, medium-low salinity, low-density ore-forming fluid system. H-O isotope data suggest that the mineralization fluids represent a mixed source comprising mantle-derived primary hydrothermal fluids and magmatic fluids, with minor contributions from meteoric water. Sulfur isotopes exhibit elevated δ34S values, indicating a mixed sulfur source and demonstrating significant contribution from the Jingshan Group metasedimentary sequence. Lead isotopic compositions reveal a mixed crust-mantle signature with predominant lower crustal affinity. The Rb-Sr dating of gold-bearing pyrite yields an age of (123.8±5)Ma, while 40Ar/39Ar dating of sericite is (123.25±0.20)Ma. Post-ore mafic-intermediate dikes yield a zircon U-Pb weighted mean age of (117.5±1.8)Ma. These robust geochronological data collectively constrain the mineralization event to 123.8~117.5 Ma (Early Cretaceous). The comprehensive study shows that the ore-forming material of the Qianchuiliu gold deposit derived from a mixed crust-mantle source, the ore-forming fluids underwent mixing during their upward migration and eventually precipitated at the transitional zone from steep to gentle segments of the EW-trending basin-margin detachment structure within the Qianchuiliu deposit area, due to changes in the physico-chemicalconditions, and the meso-epithermal altered rocktype gold deposit was formed, which is closely related to the Early Cretaceous tectonic-magmatic-hydrothermal events in this area. The exploration breakthrough of this gold deposit provides important exploration insights for regional prospecting, suggesting that the northeastern margin of the Jiaolai basin still holds significant mineralization potential.
keywords:geological characteristics ore genesis fluid inclusion isotope Jiaolai basin Qianchuiliu gold deposit
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基金项目:本文得到国家重点研发计划“脉状金系统的综合找矿技术与增储示范”课题（编号：2022YFC2903605）、中国地质调查局项目“山东牟平辽上金矿资源调查评价”（编号：DD20243129）、部省合作项目“胶莱盆地东北缘金矿找矿预测与增储示范”项目（编号：2024ZRBSHZ130）和烟台市高端人才引育“双百人才”联合资助
引用文本：
韩小梦,段留安,郭云成,王志军,王建田,喻光明.2025.胶莱盆地东北缘前垂柳大型金矿床地质特征及其成因研究[J].矿床地质,44(5):1018~1036HAN XiaoMeng,DUAN LiuAn,GUO YunCheng,WANG ZhiJun,WANG JianTian,YU GuangMing.2025.Geological characteristics and genesis of Qianchuiliu large gold deposit in northeastern margin of Jiaolai basin[J].Mineral Deposits44(5):1018~1036
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