投稿时间：2024-09-24
修订日期：2025-01-21
网络发布日期：2025-04-25
中文摘要:川滇黔地区的宣威组Fe-Al岩系中富集稀土、钪等关键金属元素，展现出巨大的资源潜力。然而，目前对于该岩系中稀土、钪等关键金属元素的分布规律、赋存形式以及物质来源的研究仍较为薄弱，这在很大程度上限制了相关成矿理论的发展和地质勘探工作的深入，导致此类资源尚未得到有效开发利用。鉴于此，文章以滇东北会泽地区宣威组中两个富集稀土和钪等元素的典型剖面为研究对象，综合运用全岩主量、微量元素和稀土元素分析、扫描电镜及能谱分析、TIMA和电子探针等多种测试手段，系统识别了该区域稀土-钪多金属富集层的矿物组成及稀土和钪的分布特征，并深入探讨了其赋存形式与物质来源。研究结果表明，该区域的稀土元素主要以独立矿物——磷铝铈矿的形式存在，或以类质同象的形式赋存于磷灰石和含钛铁矿物中；钪则主要以类质同象的形式赋存于锆石中，目前尚未发现钪的独立矿物。稀土和钪的物质来源主要为峨眉山玄武岩，且区域内存在源区的不均一性。文章为揭示滇东北峨眉山玄武岩与晚二叠系宣威组之间的Fe-Al岩系中稀土-钪的赋存规律提供了新的实例和地球化学数据。这不仅有助于深化对区域内稀土-钪元素地球化学行为的理解，还为相关矿产资源的勘查与开发提供了重要的理论依据。
Abstract:The Fe-Al rock series of the Xuanwei Formation in the Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou area is rich in critical metals elements such as rare earth elements and scandium, which shows great resource potential. However, the current research on the distribution law, occurrence form and material source of rare earth elements, scandium and other critical metals in this rock series is still relatively weak, which largely limits the development of relevant mineralization theories and in-depth geological exploration, resulting in the fact that this kind of resources has not yet been effectively exploited and utilized. In view of this, this paper takes two typical profiles of rare earth elements and scandium enriched in the Xuanwei Formation in the Huize area of northeastern Yunnan province as the research object and comprehensively utilizes a variety of testing methods such as major elements, trace elements and rare earth elements in the whole rock analysis, SEM-EDS analysis, TIMA analysis and EPMA analysis to systematically identify the mineral composition and the distribution characteristics of rare earth elements and scandium in the rare earth elements and scandium polymetallic enrichment layer in this area, and deeply discusses its occurrence form and source. The results have shown that rare earth elements mainly exist in florencite or in the form of isomorphism in apatite and Ti and Fe bearing mineral, scandium mainly exists in the form of isomorphism in zircon. The material sources of the rare earth elements and scandium are mainly from Emeishan basalt, and there is inhomogeneity in the source area. The paper provides new examples and geochemical data to reveal the occurrence rule of rare earth elements and scandium in the Fe-Al rock series between the Emeishan basalt and the Late Permian Xuanwei Formation in northeastern Yunnan Province. This not only helps to deepen the understanding of the geochemical behavior of rare earth elements and scandium in this area, but also may provide an important theoretical basis for the exploration and development of related mineral resources.
keywords:geochemical characteristics distribution rule occurrence form material source REE-Sc Northeast Yunnan
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基金项目:本文得到中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（编号：XDA0430201）、贵州省基础研究计划（编号：黔科合基础-ZD[2025]035）、贵州省地质勘查资金项目（编号：2024-2）和中国科学院百人计划、国家自然科学基金贵州省后补助经费（编号：GZ2020SIG、GZ2021SIG）联合资助
引用文本：
王琪,黄小文,周美夫,孔志岗,杨志爽,孟郁苗,漆亮.2025.滇东北宣威组Fe-Al岩系中稀土-钪的赋存规律及物质来源[J].矿床地质,44(2):477~501WANG Qi,HUANG XiaoWen,ZHOU MeiFu,KONG ZhiGang,YANG ZhiShuang,MENG YuMiao,QI Liang.2025.Occurrence rule and material source of REE-Sc in Fe-Al rock series of Xuanwei Formation, northeastern Yunnan Province, China[J].Mineral Deposits44(2):477~501
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