投稿时间：2024-03-07
修订日期：2024-09-26
网络发布日期：2025-07-01
中文摘要:大陆槽稀土矿床是攀西冕宁-德昌稀土成矿带中仅次于牦牛坪的第二大稀土矿床，稀土成矿与喜马拉雅期碳酸岩-碱性正长（斑）岩杂岩体密切相关，矿床以发育隐爆角砾岩型矿石为特色。近年，项目组在矿区2个主要的工业矿体之间的第四系之下探获隐伏的厚大矿体，不仅证实了2个矿体深部相通，扩大了稀土资源量，而且揭露了稀土矿体垂向分带特征。钻孔自上而下，矿体由细脉、大脉逐渐过渡为厚大的矿化角砾岩、角砾状矿石（尚未揭穿），暗示矿床深部具有良好的成矿潜力。隐爆角砾岩的胶结物成分可划分为3类：以方解石为主，以萤石-天青石-方解石为主和以石英-萤石-天青石为主，3类胶结物中均含细粒至微细粒氟碳铈矿；角砾成分复杂，既有石英闪长岩、方解石碳酸岩等岩石角砾，也有天青石、氟碳铈矿等矿物角砾。不同类型角砾岩中的稀土品位存在差异，较低的角砾含量、多期次成矿作用的叠加、天青石化和萤石化等矿化蚀变作用的发育，都有助于提高矿石中的稀土品位。因此，寻找角砾含量低、萤石化和天青石化发育的角砾岩对于大陆槽稀土矿床找矿勘查具有重要的意义。
Abstract:The Dalucao REE (Rare Earth Elements) deposit is the second-largest rare earth deposit in the Panxi Mianning-Dechang REE metallogenic belt, following the Maoniuping deposit. The mineralization is closely associated with the Himalayan period carbonatite-alkaline syenite (porphyritic) intrusive complex, and characterized by the development of cryptoexplosive breccia-type ores. In recent years, the project team has discovered a hidden, thick ore body beneath the Quaternary strata between two main industrial ore bodies in the mining area. This not only confirms the deep connection between the two ore bodies, expanding the REE resources, but also reveals the vertical zoning characteristics of the REE ore bodies. From top to bottom in the drilling hole, the ore bodies transition from thin veins and large veins to thick mineralized breccias and brecciated ores (not yet exposed), suggesting that the deeper part of the deposit has good potential for ore-formation. The cementing materials of the cryptoexplosive breccias from the drilling hole can be divided into three categories: those dominated by calcite, those dominated by fluorite-celestite-calcite, and those dominated by quartz-fluorite-celestite. All three types of cementing materials contain fine to very fine grains of bastnaesite. The components of the breccias are complex, including both rock breccias such as quartz diorite and calcite carbonatite, as well as mineral breccias such as celestite and bastnaesite.
The rare earth grade varies among different types of breccias. Factors such as lower breccia content, the superimposition of multiple mineralization events, and the development of mineralization alteration processes like luoritization and celestitization all contribute to the enhancement of rare earth grades in ores. Consequently, the identification of breccias with low breccia content and fluoritization-celestitizatio is of significant importance for the exploration and assessment of the Dalucao REE deposit.
The rare earth grade varies among different types of breccias. Factors such as lower breccia content, the superimposition of multiple mineralization events, and the development of mineralization alteration processes like luoritization and celestitization all contribute to the enhancement of rare earth grades in ores. Consequently, the identification of breccias with low breccia content and fluoritization-celestitizatio is of significant importance for the exploration and assessment of the Dalucao REE deposit.
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基金项目:本文得到中国地质调查局“战略新兴产业矿产地质调查工程”（编号：DD20230034）、“四川康定-云南个旧稀有稀土矿产地质调查”项目（编号：DD20230290）、中国矿产地质志续编与产品服务项目（编号：DD20221695）和中国稀土集团有限公司科技项目“四川省牦牛坪、大陆槽稀土矿成矿规律与找矿预测”（编号：HE2310）共同资助
引用文本：
班西雨,刘善宝,赵芝,王伟,吕秉廷,何斌,于扬.2025.四川大陆槽稀土矿床隐爆角砾岩矿化特征及意义[J].矿床地质,44(3):696~706BAN XiYu,LIU ShanBao,ZHAO Zhi,WANG Wei,LÜ BingTing,HE Bin,YU Yang.2025.Mineralization characteristics and significance of cryptoexplosive breccia from Dalucao REE deposit[J].Mineral Deposits44(3):696~706
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