投稿时间：2025-08-31
修订日期：2026-01-04
网络发布日期：2026-03-11
中文摘要:拉丁美洲关键矿产丰富，对其进行成矿作用研究和成矿区带划分具有重要的理论意义，同时为找矿勘查提供依据。文章研究表明，拉丁美洲优势关键矿产具有储量丰富、地理分布集中、大型矿床数量多、综合利用价值大等禀赋特征；大地构造演化-关键矿产成矿作用可划分为前寒武纪、古生代和中-新生代3大阶段，以前寒武纪和中-新生代为主；主要关键矿产可划分为8大成矿系列，有10种主要矿床类型；成矿区带可划分为2个成矿域（一级成矿区带）、10个成矿省（二级成矿区带）、28个三级成矿区带和50个四级成矿区带。前寒武纪克拉通的BIF型铁矿、绿岩型金矿和墨西哥-安第斯造山带的中-新生代斑岩型铜金多金属矿及中-新生代的红土型镍矿、红土型铝土矿、盐湖卤水型锂矿为拉丁美洲大陆今后找矿勘查的主攻方向。
Abstract:The Latin America is abundant in critical minerals. The research on metallogenic characteristics of critical minerals and the division of critical minerals metallogenic belts are of both theoretical and mineral prospecting practical significance. The endowment characteristics of major critical minerals of Latin America include abundant reserves, concentrated geographical distribution, large number of large deposits and high comprehensive utilization value. The tectonic evolution-mineralization of critical minerals of Latin America continent can be divided into three main stages of Precambrian, Paleozoic and Mesozoic-Cenozoic, dominated with Precambrian and Mesozoic-Cenozoic. The metallogenic belts of critical minerals of Latin America can be divided into 2 metallogenic domains(first-order metallogenic belt), 10 metallogenic provinces(second-order metallogenic belts), 28 third-order metallogenic belts and 50 fourth-order metallogenic belts. The major critical minerals of Latin America can be divided into 8 metallogenic series, and 10 major deposit types. The BIF type iron deposits and greenstone type gold deposits in the Precambrian Craton, the Mesozoic-Cenozoic porphyry type copper-gold polymetallic deposits in the Mexican-Andean orogenic belt, and the Mesozoic-Cenozoic laterite-type nickel deposits, laterite-type bauxite deposits and brine-type lithium deposits are the main directions for future exploration and prospecting in the Latin American continent.
keywords:critical mineral resources mineral resource endowment metallogenic characteristics metallogenic belts the direction for further exploration Latin America
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基金项目:深地国家科技重大专项项目“全球战略性矿产资源供需格局演变及对中国供应安全研究”(编号:2025ZD1007001); 中国地质调查局地质调查项目“战略性矿产资源政策与投资环境评价”(编号:DD20211404)联合资助
引用文本：
陈喜峰,唐金荣,施俊法,陈秀法,张福良,张振芳,张潮,宋崇宇,常畅,梅燕雄,马彦云.2026.拉丁美洲关键矿产成矿特征与成矿区带划分[J].矿床地质,45(1):1~19CHEN XiFeng,TANG JinRong,SHI JunFa,CHEN XiuFa,ZHANG FuLiang,ZHANG ZhenFang,ZHANG Chao,SONG ChongYu,CHANG Chang,MEI YanXiong,MA YanYun.2026.Metallogenic characteristics and metallogenic belts of critical mineral resources in Latin America[J].Mineral Deposits45(1):1~19
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