投稿时间：2024-07-17
修订日期：2025-01-06
网络发布日期：2025-03-10
中文摘要:特提斯成矿域西段塞尔维亚Timok矿集区的Čukaru Peki属于典型的斑岩-高硫型超大型铜金矿床，具有典型的矿化蚀变分带。前人开展了该矿床的硫化物和蚀变分带的研究，但对于普遍发育的蚀变矿物——绿泥石的地球化学特征和找矿勘查指标缺乏研究。为此，文章以Čukaru Peki铜金矿床中斑岩型矿体的绿泥石为研究对象，利用显微镜、电子探针（EPMA）和激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（LA-ICP-MS）分析技术，厘定了绿泥石类型和主、微量元素特征，探讨其找矿标志。结果表明，绿泥石的产状可划分为3种，分别为青磐岩化带Chl-1、绢英岩化带Chl-2和钾化带Chl-3，其中，青磐岩化带的绿泥石可进一步分为交代型（Chl-1a）和浸染型（Chl-1b）两个亚类。3类绿泥石均属于富Mg型绿泥石，其中，Chl-1绿泥石为斜绿泥石-鲕绿泥石，Chl-2和Chl-3绿泥石为透绿泥石-蠕绿泥石。绿泥石替代机制以Fe2+、Mg2+替代为主，同时存在TK（(Si4+)IV+(Fe2+，Mg2+)VI=(Al3+)IV+(Al3+)VI）型和DT（2(Al3+，Fe3+)VI+□VI=3(Fe2+，Mg2+)VI）型2类替代机制。根据绿泥石温度计可知，钾化带的Chl-3绿泥石形成温度（约325℃）高于青磐岩化带的浸染型绿泥石（约257℃）。相比于外围青磐岩化带的Chl-1，靠近热液中心的Chl-2和Chl-3绿泥石具有更高的Ti、K、V、Cr、含量和Ti/Pb、Ti/Li、Ti/Sr等比值，其Ti/Sr和Ti/Li比值随距矿体距离增大而降低，推测矿化热液中心在Čukaru Peki铜金矿床西北侧深部（1~2 km），并提出绿泥石Ti/Sr比值等可作为Čukaru Peki斑岩铜金矿体的找矿勘查指标。
中文关键词:绿泥石 找矿预测 斑岩型铜金矿床 Čukaru Peki铜金矿床
Abstract:The Čukaru Peki in the Timok district, Serbia, the western part of the Tethys metallogenic domain, is a giant porphyry and high sulfidation epithermal copper-gold deposit with typical mineralization and alteration zoning. Previous research has been carried out on the sulfides and alteration zoning, however, few focused on the geochemical characteristics of the alteration chlorite mineral associated with porphyry mineralization, and the indicators of prospecting and exploration. This study takes chlorite from the porphyry-type ore in the Čukaru Peki copper-gold deposit as the object of study, and uses microscopic electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and laser-ablation inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) analytical techniques to define the type of chlorite and the characteristics of the main trace elements, and to explore the ore prospecting signatures of it. The results show that there are three main types of chlorite, namely, Chl-1 of the propylitic zone, Chl-2 of the phyllic/sericitization zone and Chl-3 of the potassic zone, among which, the chlorite in the propylitic zone can be further classified into two subclasses of the metasomatic type (Chl-1a) and the disseminated type (Chl-1b). All three types of chlorite belong to Mg-rich chlorite, of which, Chl-1 chlorite is clinochlore-chamosite chlorite, and Chl-2 and Chl-3 chlorite are sheridanite-prochlorite chlorite. The main substitution mechanism of chlorite is dominated by Fe2+ and Mg2+ substitution, while two types of substitution mechanisms, TK ((Si4+)IV+ (Fe2+,Mg2+)VI=(Al3+)IV+(Al3+)VI) and DT (2(Al3+,Fe3+)VI+□VI= 3(Fe2+,Mg2+)VI) types, are also present. Based on chlorite thermometers, the Chl-3 chlorite formation temperature in the potassic zone (~325℃) is higher than that of the disseminated chlorite in the propylitic zone (~257℃). Compared with Chl-1 in the propylitic zone, Chl-2 and Chl-3 chlorite are closer to the hydrothermal centre and have higher Ti, K, V, Cr, Ti/Pb, Ti/Li and Ti/Sr ratios, and the Ti/Sr and Ti/Li ratios decrease with the distance from the ore body, so it is suggested that the hydrothermal centre of mineralization is deep in the north-western part of the Čukaru Peki Cu-Au deposit (1~2 km), and it is proposed that chlorite Ti/Sr ratio can be used as an indicator for prospecting in the Čukaru Peki porphyry Cu-Au deposit.
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基金项目:本文得到国家杰出青年科学基金项目(编号：41925011)和紫金矿业集团股份有限公司项目(编号：01612012)联合资助
引用文本：
郑航,张安顺,饶东平,谢桂青,单思齐,刘文元,陈安顺,陈思源,黄伟山.2025.塞尔维亚Čukaru Peki铜金矿床绿泥石地球化学特征和找矿指示[J].矿床地质,44(1):215~230ZHENG Hang,ZHANG AnShun,RAO DongPing,XIE GuiQing,SHAN SiQi,LIU WenYuan,CHEN AnShun,CHEN SiYuan,HUANG WeiShan.2025.Chlorite geochemical characterization and prospecting indication for Čukaru Peki copper-gold deposit, Serbia[J].Mineral Deposits44(1):215~230
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