投稿时间：2024-11-15
修订日期：2025-02-28
网络发布日期：2025-04-25
中文摘要:市场是确定“矿与非矿”的基本准则。矿床具有地质、经济和环境三重属性，并随着市场和技术条件的变化而改变，需要对矿床开展动态的技术经济评价。文章以紫金矿业集团股份有限公司的实践案例为基础，探讨了基于“矿石流五环模型”的矿床技术经济动态评价的原理和方法。该模型以最大化利用资源为原则，以矿石流为走向，对地质、采矿、选矿、冶炼和环保5个环节统筹研究和全流程优化，通过不断降低生产成本，进而降低圈矿的边界品位，把大量过去不经济的矿化岩石转化为工业矿石，实现资源大幅增长和经济社会效益的最大化。采选冶环的成本决定了资源价值，以生产成本和边界品位为主要参数，初步构建了基于“矿石流五环模型”的矿床动态技术经济评价方法框架，包括矿床的自然禀赋特征（品位-吨位模型）、成本与边界品位经济评价的全流程模式、边界品位与资源精细管理、当量边界品位和净冶炼收益（NSR）边界品位评价方法等，当量品位是多金属矿床评价中极为重要的指标。以“矿石流五环模型”为指导，通过补充勘查和动态评价，福建紫金山金铜矿床由一个资源储量仅5.45 t的中小型金矿床，扩大为316 t的特大型金矿床，累计产金208 t，累计实现利润225亿元；西藏巨龙铜矿查明铜资源量（金属量），由原来的1027万吨扩大到2588万吨，新增的铜、钼、银资源量分别是原来的2.5倍、2.9倍和2.3倍，铜储量则从392万吨增加到1734万吨，是原储量的4.4倍，矿山开发经济和社会效益显著。
Abstract:The market is the fundamental criterion for determining "ore or waste". Mineral deposits have three attributes: geology, economics, and environment, which will be available along with changes of market and technical renovations. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out the dynamic technical and economic evaluation of mineral deposits. This paper, through the practical cases of Zijin Mining Group Co., Ltd., the principles and methods of dynamic technical and economic assessments of mineral deposits are to be explored based on the "Ore Five-process Integration Model". This model aims to maximize resource utilization, focusing on the flow of ore and integrating research and optimization across five stages: geology, mining, mineral processing, metallurgy, and environmental protection. By continuously reducing operating costs and lowering the resources cut-off grade, it converts the original noneconomic marginal mineralized rocks into economically mineable materials, achieves exponential growth of resources and maximizes social and economic benefits. The cost of mining, processing, metallurgy and environment determines the value of resources. With operating cost and cut-off grade as the major parameters, a framework of dynamic technical and economic evaluation methods for mineral deposits based on the "Ore Five-process Integration Model" was initially constructed, including the natural endowment characteristics of the mi-neral deposits (grade-tonnage model), the full-process model of cost and cut-off grade economic evaluation, cut-off grade and mineral resources fine management, and the assessment methods of metal equivalent cut-off grade and NSR cut-off grade. The equivalent cut-off grade is a very important index in the evaluation of polymetallic deposits. In the case study, guided by the "Ore Five-process Integration Model", through additional exploration and dynamic evaluation, the Zijinshan gold-copper mine in Fujian Province has expanded from a small sized gold deposit with only 5.45 t contained Au to a world class gold deposit of 316 t, with a cumulative gold production of 208 tones and a total profit of 22.5 billion Yuan. In another case, the total copper resources (contained copper metals) of the Julong copper mine in Xizang has expanded from the original 10.27 Mt to 25.88 Mt, and the amount of re-estimated copper, molybdenum and silver resources is 2.5 times, 2.9 times and 2.3 times of original number, respectively. On the reserves, the copper metal reserves have increased from 3.92 Mt to 17.34 Mt, which is 4.4 times of the original amounts (resources are inclusive of reserves), significantly enhancing the social and economic benefits.
keywords:technical and economic evaluation of mineral deposits Ore Five-process Integration Model cut-off grade equivalent grade Zijin Mining Group
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基金项目:本文得到紫金矿业集团股份有限公司科技项目矿山综合找矿预测专项(编号：4104KY2022030001)、国家重点研发计划项目斑岩铜金系统的综合找矿技术与增储示范（编号：2022YFC2903604）和巨龙铜多金属资源基地绿色勘查与开发示范（编号：2022YFC2905005）联合资助
引用文本：
陈景河,王京彬,刘金辉,和志军.2025.初论矿床动态技术经济评价[J].矿床地质,44(2):259~278CHEN JingHe,WANG JingBin,LIU JinHui,HE ZhiJun.2025.A preliminary study on dynamic technical and economic evaluation of mineral deposits[J].Mineral Deposits44(2):259~278
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